Single Line Plots

Single Line Plots

In [1]:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
In [2]:
x = np.array([4, 5, 3, 1, 6, 7])
In [3]:
plt.plot(x)
plt.show()

Create x with numpy arange()

In [4]:
x = np.arange(25)

If only one value is given in plt.plot(x), first parameter x will be taken as index value like 0, 1, 2, 3.... and second parametetr will be taken as y.

In [5]:
plt.plot(x)
plt.show()
In [6]:
plt.plot(x, x**2 + 1)
plt.show()
In [7]:
[y for y in x]
Out[7]:
[0,
 1,
 2,
 3,
 4,
 5,
 6,
 7,
 8,
 9,
 10,
 11,
 12,
 13,
 14,
 15,
 16,
 17,
 18,
 19,
 20,
 21,
 22,
 23,
 24]
In [8]:
y = [(y ** 2) for y in x]
y
Out[8]:
[0,
 1,
 4,
 9,
 16,
 25,
 36,
 49,
 64,
 81,
 100,
 121,
 144,
 169,
 196,
 225,
 256,
 289,
 324,
 361,
 400,
 441,
 484,
 529,
 576]
In [9]:
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.show()
In [10]:
y = [(y**3 + 1) for y in x]
In [11]:
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.show()

Multiple plots

In [12]:
x = np.arange(10)
x
Out[12]:
array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
In [13]:
plt.plot(x, x**2)
plt.plot(x, x**3)
plt.plot(x, 2*x)
plt.plot(x, 2**x)
plt.show()
In [14]:
plt.plot(x, x**2, x, x**3, x, 2*x, x, 2**x)
plt.show()
In [15]:
plt.plot(x, -x**2)
plt.plot(x, -x**3)
plt.plot(x, -2*x)
plt.plot(x, -2**x)
plt.show()
In [16]:
plt.plot(x, -x**2, x, -x**3, x, -2*x, x, -2**x)
plt.show()
In [17]:
x = np.array([[6, 2, 1, 5, 4], [7, 4, 1, 5, 2]])
x
Out[17]:
array([[6, 2, 1, 5, 4],
       [7, 4, 1, 5, 2]])
In [18]:
plt.plot(x)
plt.show()
In [19]:
x = np.random.randint(5, size=(2, 4))
x
Out[19]:
array([[2, 0, 2, 2],
       [3, 0, 4, 4]])
In [20]:
[x[0], x[1]]
Out[20]:
[array([2, 0, 2, 2]), array([3, 0, 4, 4])]
In [21]:
plt.plot([x[0], x[1]])
plt.show()
In [22]:
x[0], x[1]
Out[22]:
(array([2, 0, 2, 2]), array([3, 0, 4, 4]))
In [23]:
plt.plot(x[0], x[1])
plt.show()
In [24]:
x = np.random.randn(2, 10)
x
Out[24]:
array([[ 0.00783726,  0.07882926, -0.26440834,  0.72644349, -0.36491923,
        -0.285299  ,  0.99091752, -0.96516995, -0.04604364, -0.12154105],
       [ 0.34164713, -0.68638029,  0.72915734,  0.02139741,  0.41381231,
        -1.678068  ,  0.61621656,  0.88562197,  0.50640952,  0.31952046]])
In [25]:
plt.plot([x[0], x[1]])
plt.show()

Legends and labels

In [26]:
x = np.array([9, 1, 4, 2, 1])
x
Out[26]:
array([9, 1, 4, 2, 1])
In [27]:
y = np.array([5, 7, 3, 4, 1])
y
Out[27]:
array([5, 7, 3, 4, 1])
In [28]:
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.title("X & Y Line Graph")
plt.xlabel("X - axis")
plt.ylabel("y - axis")
plt.show()
In [29]:
plt.plot(x, y, color = "red")
plt.title("X & Y Line Graph")
plt.xlabel("X - axis")
plt.ylabel("y - axis")
plt.show()
In [30]:
plt.plot(x, y, color = "red", label = "xy")
plt.plot(y, x, color = "green", label = "yx")

plt.title("X & Y Line Graph")
plt.xlabel("X - axis")
plt.ylabel("y - axis")
plt.legend()
plt.show()
In [31]:
plt.plot(x, y, color = "red", label = "xy")
plt.plot(y, x, color = "green", label = "yx")

plt.title("X & Y Line Graph", color = "red", fontsize = 20)
plt.xlabel("X - axis", color = "blue", fontsize = 15)
plt.ylabel("y - axis", color = "green", fontsize = 15)
plt.legend()
plt.show()

Change the legend position

Location String Location Code 'best' 0 'upper right' 1 'upper left' 2 'lower left' 3 'lower right' 4 'right' 5 'center left' 6 'center right' 7 'lower center' 8 'upper center' 9 'center' 10
In [32]:
plt.plot(x, y, color = "red", label = "xy")
plt.plot(y, x, color = "green", label = "yx")

plt.title("X & Y Line Graph", color = "red", fontsize = 20)
plt.xlabel("X - axis", color = "blue", fontsize = 15)
plt.ylabel("y - axis", color = "green", fontsize = 15)

plt.legend(loc='upper left')

plt.show()

Different types of line graph

linestyle description

'-' or 'solid' solid line '--' or 'dashed' dashed line '-.' or 'dashdot' dash-dotted line ':' or 'dotted' dotted line

In [33]:
plt.plot(x, x, "-", color = "blue", label = "xx")
plt.plot(x, y, "--", color = "red", label = "xy")
plt.plot(y, x, '-.', color = "green", label = "yx")

plt.title("X & Y Line Graph", color = "red", fontsize = 20)
plt.xlabel("X - axis", color = "blue", fontsize = 15)
plt.ylabel("y - axis", color = "green", fontsize = 15)

plt.legend(loc='upper left')

plt.show()

Markers, color and line style

marker description

"." point "," pixel "o" circle "v" triangle_down "^" triangle_up "<" triangle_left ">" triangle_right "1" tri_down "2" tri_up "3" tri_left "4" tri_right "8" octagon "s" square "p" pentagon "P" plus (filled) "*" star "h" hexagon1 "H" hexagon2 "+" plus "x" x "X" x (filled) "D" diamond "d" thindiamond "|" vline "" hline 0(TICKLEFT) tickleft 1(TICKRIGHT)tickright 2(TICKUP) tickup 3(TICKDOWN) tickdown 4(CARETLEFT)caretleft 5(CARETRIGHT)caretright 6(CARETUP) caretup 7(CARETDOWN)caretdown 8(CARETLEFTBASE)caretleft (centered at base) 9(CARETRIGHTBASE)caretright (centered at base) 10(CARETUPBASE)caretup (centered at base) 11(CARETDOWNBASE)caretdown (centered at base)

In [34]:
plt.plot(x, x, "ro--", label = "xx")
plt.plot(x, y, "y<--", label = "xy")
plt.plot(y, x, 'bD-.', label = "yx")

plt.title("X & Y Line Graph", color = "red", fontsize = 20)
plt.xlabel("X - axis", color = "blue", fontsize = 15)
plt.ylabel("y - axis", color = "green", fontsize = 15)

plt.legend(loc='upper left')

plt.show()

Set the x limit and y limit

In [35]:
plt.plot(x, y, label = "xy")
plt.plot(y, x, label = "yx")

plt.title("X & Y Line Graph")
plt.xlabel("X - axis")
plt.ylabel("y - axis")
plt.legend()
plt.grid(True)

plt.xlim(0, 12)
plt.ylim(0, 12)

plt.show()

Save figure

If only image name is provided in savefig() function, figure will save in current directory. If we want to save in specific directory, we have to provide folder location and image name.

In [36]:
plt.plot(x, y, label = "xy")
plt.plot(y, x, label = "yx")

plt.title("X & Y Line Graph")
plt.xlabel("X - axis")
plt.ylabel("y - axis")
plt.legend()
plt.grid(True)

plt.xlim(0, 12)
plt.ylim(0, 12)

plt.savefig('image1.png')

plt.show()

Subplots

In [37]:
x = np.array([9, 1, 4, 2, 1])
y = np.array([5, 7, 3, 4, 1])
y1 = np.array([3, 1, 5, 9, 3])

Single subplot

In [38]:
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(x, y)
ax.set_title('A single plot')
plt.show()

Vertically stacked subplots

In [39]:
fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(2)
fig.suptitle('Vertically stacked subplots')
ax1.plot(x, y)
ax2.plot(x, y1)
plt.show()

Horizontal stacked subplots

In plt.subplot(1, 2): first parameter represents row value which is 1, and second value represent column value which is 2.

In [40]:
fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(1, 2)
fig.suptitle('Horizontally stacked subplots')
ax1.plot(x, y)
ax2.plot(x, y1)
plt.show()

Horizontal and vertically stacked subplots

In [41]:
fig, ((ax1, ax2), (ax3, ax4)) = plt.subplots(2, 2)

ax1.plot(x, 'ro--')
ax1.set_title("First Graph")

ax2.plot(x, y, 'g--')
ax1.set_title("Second Graph")

ax3.plot(x, y1, color = "blue")
ax1.set_title("Third Graph")

ax4.plot(x, y**2, color = "purple")
ax1.set_title("Fourth Graph")

fig.suptitle('Horizontally stacked subplots')

plt.show()

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